Latest scientific research on colorectal cancer
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Bacteriophage therapy has re-emerged as a rapidly advancing field in oncology, bridging antimicrobial precision with tumor-targeted biotherapy. Beyond infection control, phages are now recognized as programmable biological systems capable of eradicating multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, modulatin...
Management of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers has shifted from conventional chemotherapy to biomarker-based precision oncology. Biomarker assessment requires adequate endoscopic biopsy tissue both in gastro-esophageal/gastric and colorectal carcinomas. This study evaluated real-world endoscopic biopsy...
Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is a rare histologic subtype of ovarian cancer. While prognosis of early stage disease is excellent, novel treatment options are needed for advanced stage and recurrent MOC, which are associated with poor oncologic outcomes. In this context, we aimed to investigate t...
Radioisotope therapy is a clinically effective cancer treatment. However, its therapeutic efficacy is limited by the short retention time of radioisotopes and multiple tumor radiation resistance mechanisms in tumor. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), whose formation is enhanced under ionizing ra...
Patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) are commonly prescribed a 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist (RA) and dexamethasone (DEX) as standard-of-care (SOC) antiemetic prophylaxis. However, in patients with an elevated risk of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomitin...
Autophagic cell death plays a complex role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. MicroRNA-31 (miR-31) is implicated in tumor regulation, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) show promise as targeted delivery vehicles for cancer therapy. However, the effect and mechanism of miR-31-modifie...
The progression of colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is strongly associated with bone marrow-derived immunosuppressive cells (MDSCs). Although CAC could be suppressed by inducing MDSCs apoptosis, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) maintains immune homeostasis by upregulating M2-type tu...
Hyaluronidase 1 (HYAL1), a key enzyme in hyaluronic acid (HA) metabolism, exhibits a perplexing paradoxical character in tumor biology. This review systematically delineates the dual roles of HYAL1 in cancer: on one hand, by degrading HA to generate low-molecular-weight fragments with pro-angiogenic...
Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A), located on cytoband 6q27, acts as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor in glioblastoma, where its loss drives aggressive tumor behavior and is associated with a proneural-to-mesenchymal (PN-MES) shift. Leveraging bioinformatic analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA...
NEK8 is a kinase involved in diverse cellular processes. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that NEK8 contributes to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the regulation of its protein stability is poorly understood. Deubiquitinases, such as USP51, can keep protein levels stable b...
Perianal mucinous adenocarcinoma is an uncommon entity that can be mistaken for perianal fistulous lesions due to its association with fistulas and its confinement to the perianal region. It is a diagnosis of exclusion of secondary anorectal, cutaneous, urogenital, and metastatic carcinomas. Its eti...
Colorectal large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, a rare and aggressive type of cancer, accounts for <0.6% of all colorectal cancers. Neuroendocrine carcinomas are associated with hereditary conditions such as Lynch syndrome; however, their co-occurrence with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is po...
Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) oxaliplatin represents a promising treatment option in patients with unresectable liver-only colorectal metastases (CRLM). In this randomized phase II study, we evaluated the efficacy of an intensification strategy based on HAI oxaliplatin combined with systemic chemo...
High infiltration of CD103+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is associated with improved patient survival in colorectal cancer. However, the spatial distribution and clinical significance of CD103+ TILs in colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) remain unclear. This study enrolled 84 patients with C...
Next-generation sequencing provides valuable information about mutations within colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) that impact survival. Existing data focus on prognostic implications of single gene mutations. This study assessed the impact of co-alterations on KRAS/NRAS and TP53 after CRLM resecti...
Early recurrence within 6 months after surgery or ablation of initially unresectable colorectal cancer liver-only metastases (CRLM) occurs frequently and cannot be predicted by currently available clinical and pathological characteristics. This study evaluates the prognostic value of detectable circ...
Treatment for colon cancer is an intricate endeavor that demands innovative strategies for increasing the efficacy while lowering mortality and adverse effects. This study investigates the viability of delivering CBD to colon cancer cells by employing biohybrid micelles for oral delivery. These mice...
O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) serves a crucial role in DNA repair by removing alkyl lesions from the O6 position of guanine, maintaining genomic stability. Loss of MGMT expression, often due to promoter methylation, is linked to enhanced sensitivity to chemotherapy. While MGMT methyl...
Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the primary causes of gastrointestinal malignancy-related mortality worldwide, encounters significant therapeutic challenges due to multidrug resistance. Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), encoded by ABCC2, plays a crucial role in the development of dru...
Lactylation is an emerging epigenetic modification that dynamically modifies lysine residues of histones and non-histones through lactate, thereby regulating protein function and gene expression. In recent years, the role of lactylation in cancer has garnered significant attention, as it plays a key...
Prophylactic complete closure of mucosal defects after resection of gastrointestinal lesions is key to reducing delayed bleeding, but complete closure for large defects can be challenging with conventional through-the-scope clips (TTSC). The introduction of a TTSC with anchor prongs offers ability t...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Cullin1 (CUL1), a key element of the Skp1-Cullin1-Rbx1-F-box protein ubiquitin E3 ligase complex, is implicated in tumorigenesis. Herein, we aimed to investigate the expression pattern and clinical significance of CUL1...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a type of malignant tumor with an incompletely understood etiology, particularly concerning the specific cellular origins that trigger tumorigenesis. The precise cells that initiate the cancer transformation within the complex tissue environment of the colon and rectum rem...
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, lipid peroxidation-driven form of regulated cell death that is mechanistically distinct from apoptosis and necrosis. In cancer, it plays a dual role: it can act as a tumor suppressor mechanism, yet may also contribute to therapy resistance and immune modulation. Met...
The hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR) is a critical regulator of tumor progression, yet its specific role in colon cancer remains poorly understood. This study aims to better understand the molecular mechanism of HMMR in colon cancer progression. We modulated HMMR expression (overexpressi...
Emerging evidence suggests the ketogenic diet (KD) may modulate cancer progression, though its impact on colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) remains poorly characterized. Our study demonstrates that a KD promotes CRLM in a mouse model. Untargeted metabolomics identifies specific phosphatidylet...
Accurate prognostic stratification is essential for optimizing postoperative therapeutic strategies in oncology. While deep learning approaches have shown promise for survival prediction through unimodal analyses of histopathological images, transcriptomic profiles, and microbial signatures, their c...
Current treatments for colorectal cancer (CRC) can induce apparent disease remission; unfortunately, CRC eventually relapses in many patients. CRC recurrence has been associated with the presence of dormant cancer cells, which are difficult to detect and are maintained in a resilient state character...
Liver metastasis from colorectal cancer is a major cause of death in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) and remains a difficult challenge in oncology. In spite of commendable developments in medical inventions, the complexity and poor prognosis of metastatic stage, alliterative strategie...
The essential oil of Cotula cinerea was subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, leading to the identification of 31 chemical constituents. The major compounds were selected for comprehensive computational investigations to explore their potential anti-colorectal cancer ac...
Lymph node metastasis is a critical prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC). Identifying key genes associated with metastasis can improve risk stratification and treatment strategies. This study aimed to identify a gene signature related to lymph node metastasis and investigate the role of NPR3...
Accurate preoperative prediction of pathological risk factors in rectal cancer is critical for guiding treatment decisions and improving patient outcomes. While the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) each provide insights into tumor biology, their combined p...
HER2-positive or ERBB2 amplified (ERBB2 amp+) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is an important subgroup due to emerging HER2-targeted therapies. Although ERBB2 amplification is associated with anti-EGFR antibody resistance, optimal first-line treatment remains unclear. We analysed data from the F...
This special volume of Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease showcases a transformative era in biomedical research, driven by the convergence of multi-omics technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), and systems biology. The volume is focused across eight thematic sections-span...
Gut microbiome (GME) is a dynamic ecosystem composed of diverse microorganisms with extensive functional potential that influence host physiology, endocrinology, and neurology. This review explores how multiomics (mOMICS) and machine learning (ML) enhance understanding of the GME and its implication...
Colon cancer diagnosis from histopathology is challenging due to limited annotated data and the lack of interpretability in deep models. We present a data-efficient framework combining few-shot learning and explainable AI for accurate and transparent diagnosis. A Prototypical Network with a ConvNeXt...
Liver X receptor (LXR), comprising isoforms LXR? and LXR?, is a member of the nuclear receptor family, which serves important roles in maintaining cholesterol and lipid metabolism homeostasis by regulating cholesterol excretion and reverse transport. LXR activation also participates in regulating th...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy globally, ranking third in incidence and second in cancer-specific mortality. Despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment, the incidence of CRC, especially in younger individuals and developing countries, is rising. We present a unique case of a ...
KRASG12C mutations are present in around 4% of patients with colorectal cancer and are associated with lower treatment response rates and overall survival. EGFR signalling has been identified as a primary mechanism of resistance to KRASG12C inhibitors. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of...
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (tdEVs) are promising biomarkers for predicting survival and informing treatment decisions in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC); yet their clinical application remains limited. In this study, we analyzed CellSearch image archi...
Molecular testing on FNA rinses offers a simple, minimally invasive, and cost-effective alternative to tissue biopsies. Among clinically relevant biomarkers, KRAS mutations are key in guiding targeted therapy across several cancer types. The fully automated Idylla platform provides rapid analysis di...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis, particularly to the liver, is a primary contributor to cancer-related deaths, yet the underlying molecular drivers remain insufficiently defined. This study identifies Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase 1 (ROCK1) as a central regulator of CRC metastatic progression...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, largely due to inflammation-driven progression, cancer stemness, and multidrug resistance (MDR). The tumor microenvironment (TME) orchestrates these hallmarks through persistent NF-?B activation and cross-talk among strom...
Immunotherapy has shown positive response in many patients with microsatellite instable (MSI-H) tumors, but its effectiveness in microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors remains limited. We hypothesize that tumor mutational burden (TMB) can help identify a biologically distinct subset of MSS tumors that c...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health burden. Although colonoscopy remains the gold standard for screening, less invasive biomarker-based stool and blood tests including FIT, multi-target stool DNA/RNA assays, and blood-based biomarker tests are emerging with promising diagnostic performa...
To evaluate the effectiveness of fecal transplantation (FT) in preventing the development of diversion colitis (DC) and reducing its complications in patients who underwent protective loop ileostomy (PLI) following low anterior resection for rectal cancer. The study was prospectively conducted at Te...
Postoperative early recurrence (PER) remains a major challenge to long-term survival after successful conversion therapy and curative resection for initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Existing prediction models rely heavily on clinicopathological parameters and lack molecular ...
This study introduces the liver cancer segmentator (LCS), a deep learning model designed for automatic and robust segmentation of liver parenchyma and tumors in abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography images from patients with colorectal liver metastases. The primary aim was to enhance confi...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent disease that represents a major global health burden. Ferroptosis has gained significant attention in recent years as a potential target for cancer therapy. Meanwhile, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of gene expression, with the potenti...
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy for mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) colorectal cancer continues to accumulate compelling clinical evidence. This report presents the case of a 37-year-old female who presented with moderate anemia (hemoglobin: 69 g/L) and was subsequen...